Exetat d’ anglais 2018

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
1. The title which suits the first paragraph is :

Le premier paragraphe explique clairement :

que le transport joue un rôle important dans le développement,

que c’est un goulot d’étranglement en RDC,

que le pays souffre d’un manque de moyens de transport et de routes en mauvais état.

Tout le paragraphe insiste sur l’importance du système de transport pour le développement.

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
2. The idea that DRC has a long network of waterways contains in paragraph :

L’idée que la RDC possède un long réseau de voies navigables apparaît clairement dans le troisième paragraphe :

“Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.”

C’est exactement l’information recherchée : un long réseau de voies navigables.

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
3. 'It' in the fifth paragraph stands for the :

Dans le cinquième paragraphe, le texte dit :

“It* also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads…”*

Le mot it renvoie à ce qui vient juste avant, c’est‑à‑dire :

“The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways.”
Donc it = the transport network.

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
4.The word era (§2) means :

Dans le paragraphe 2, on lit :

“… like there was in the colonial era.”

Le mot era signifie une période historique, un moment précis dans l’histoire.

Donc era = time in history.

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
5. Suppose that you were asked to solve the problem of transport system in DRC on railways. You would :

La question dit clairement : “solve the problem of transport system in DRC on railways.”

👉 Railways = chemins de fer, donc le problème concerne le transport ferroviaire.

Pour améliorer un système ferroviaire, on doit :

renforcer les voies ferrées,

moderniser les trains,

augmenter le nombre de locomotives et wagons.

Parmi les options proposées, la seule qui correspond au rail est :Order some new trains.

Transport plays an important role in the development process. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it is one of the bottle-necks to development because of insufficiency of transport means and roads in bad repair.

Considering both the large land area and its geographic features of the DRC, it is impossible to foresee economic development without due consideration of the need for building and maintaining a diversified, reliable and effective transport network, like there was in the colonial era.

Nowadays, the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.

Non – navigable portions are linked by railroads. This entire transport pattern constitutes a multimodal transport network, which combines waterways, railways, roads, air routes and sea routes.

The transport network comprises 5,064 km of railways. It also consists of 145,000 km of secondary rural roads and permanent roads. The national transport infrastructure extends across the national territory from Banana city to Sakania town with some sea, rail and river linkages.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
As far DRC development is concerned, waterways have the advantage of :

Le texte dit clairement :

“the DRC transport system relies on a navigable river network of 15,000 km consisting of the River Congo, its tributary rivers and lakes.”

Cela signifie que les voies navigables permettent aux bateaux de transporter des marchandises là où ils peuvent passer.

C’est exactement l’idée de :

floating goods where ships can pass

7.Tick the usual numbered position for a correct sentence with these words : yesterday (4) the (5) moved (3) boy (6) rapidly (2) here (1).

Phrase correcte : Yesterday the boy moved here rapidly. Ordre : 4‑5‑6‑3‑1‑2

8.«Mazebo ate an apple ». The passive alternative of this sentence is « An apple » :

La phrase active est :

Mazebo ate an apple. → ate est au past simple.

Pour former la voix passive au past simple, on utilise :

✅ was / were + past participle

Donc :

An apple was eaten by Mazebo.

9.« There is … hair in my soup and … envelop on the table ». The correct words to complete this sentence are :

La phrase est :

“There is … hair in my soup and … envelop on the table.”

Analysons chaque nom :

1️⃣ hair
Hair est indénombrable dans ce sens (un cheveu dans la soupe).

Avec un indénombrable utilisé de manière générale → pas d’article.

👉 donc : There is Ø hair in my soup.
2️⃣ envelop(e)
Envelope est dénombrable et commence par une consonne → on utilise the si l’objet est identifié (sur la table).

donc : and the envelope on the table

La phrase correcte devient :

There is hair in my soup and the envelope on the table

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
1. The title which best suits the first paragraph is :

Le premier paragraphe explique :

que le tourisme a explosé ces dernières décennies,

que le nombre de voyageurs augmente chaque année,

et donne plusieurs raisons de cette croissance :

transportation quicker and cheaper

more people with leisure time and money

longer lives and better health

global communications showing world sites

Tout le paragraphe décrit une explosion mondiale du tourisme, pas des lieux touristiques, pas des plans, pas de l' argent .

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
2. The idea that tourism has created labor activities which employ many people can be found in paragraph(s) :

L’idée que le tourisme crée des emplois se trouve dans le deuxième paragraphe, qui dit :

“This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity…”

C’est exactement l’idée de labor activities which employ many people.

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
3. According to this passage, the first reason which makes people enjoy tourism is the :

Dans le premier paragraphe, la toute première raison donnée pour expliquer pourquoi les gens voyagent davantage est :

“Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth.”

Donc, la première raison est clairement :

la facilité de se déplacer grâce à des moyens de transport rapides, moins chers et plus sûrs.

C’est exactement ce que dit l’option :e. Facilities to move from one place to another

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
4. The negative effect of the boom in tourism is that :

Le texte dit dans le deuxième paragraphe :

“But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.”

Cela signifie que le nombre de touristes peut diminuer, même après un boom. Et si les touristes diminuent :

les hôtels se retrouvent sans clients.

C’est exactement ce que dit l’option c.

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
5. Imagine that you were a five-star hotel owner. Your contribution to move tourism forward in DRC would be to :

La question dit : “Imagine that you were a five‑star hotel owner. Your contribution to move tourism forward in DRC would be to…”

Pour encourager le tourisme, un hôtel peut :

attirer plus de clients,

rendre le séjour plus accessible,

proposer des prix compétitifs.

👉 Baisser le prix des chambres est la seule action concrète, réaliste et directement liée au rôle d’un hôtelier.

C’est exactement ce que propose l’option :d. Low the price to rent different rooms .

The tourism industry has exploded in recent decades and the number of travelers grows year after year. Quicker, cheaper, and safer transportation to almost every corner of the earth is one reason for this growth. A second reason is the explosion in the number of the world’s citizens who now have the leisure time and money to travel. The longer lives and better health of many of the world’s peoples is a third reason. Finally, the global communications available everywhere make people more aware of the marvelous sites of the world.

This boom in tourism has given rise to a great number of new jobs and increased economic prosperity in countries across the world. But, tourism can usher in problems. Indeed, the millions of tourists of an area can decline.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is endowed with a huge tourism potential but this is presently untapped despite the existence of the Tourism Ministry, the National office of Tourism and the Promotion Funds for Tourism, which have responsibility to boost the sector through adequate policies and projects.

Among the man tourist attractions of the DRC are national parks, museums, botanical and zoological sites and several sites of interest in connection with the history of the country and its culture and traditions.

QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT:
6. Associate the words:
1. Boom
2.Huge
3.Decade
4.Growth
5.Available

with their meaning:
a;Act of becoming larger
b. state of being well
c. successfulness in business
d. time of quick money-making in business
e. very large
f.period of ten years
to make a good combination.

Association correcte
1. Boom → d. time of quick money‑making in business

2. Huge → e. very large

3. Decade → f. period of ten years

4. Growth → a. act of becoming larger

5. Available → c. successfulness in business

Cela correspond exactement à l’option 2.

7.The global communication makes people more aware, … ? The correct expression to complete this sentence is :

La phrase est :

“The global communication makes people more aware, … ?”

Pour former un question tag, on suit deux règles :

1. On regarde le verbe de la phrase principale
“makes” est au present simple

Sujet : the global communication → singulier

2. Le tag doit être :
négatif (car la phrase est affirmative)

au même temps (present simple)

avec do/does selon le sujet

Donc : does + not + it → doesn’t it

8.Tourists would have gone to Goma if the plane … On time ». The correct form of the verb to complete this sentence is :

La phrase est un conditionnel de type 3 (irréel du passé) :

Tourists would have gone to Goma if the plane … on time.

La structure du type 3 est :

If + past perfect → would have + past participle
Donc :

would have gone → indique déjà un conditionnel passé
La subordonnée doit être en past perfect → had been

Phrase correcte :

Tourists would have gone to Goma if the plane had been on time.

9.The traveller ……. I gave the lette ris my friend ». The correct word to complete this sentence is :

La phrase correcte est :

“The traveller to whom I gave the letter is my friend.”

On utilise to whom parce que :

le verbe give se construit avec un complément indirect introduit par to → give something to someone

on parle d’une personne (the traveller)

on est dans une relative qui suit une préposition → to whom est la forme correcte et formelle